The social aspect of gaming is hugely important to many children, who will want to keep in touch with other gamers, such as their friends. An app that seems to be increasing in popularity is Discord. This app plugs into lots of other apps (i.e. Twitch, YouTube, Reddit) so potentially information is going to be shared across different platforms. As with many other apps you have to be 13 or over to use it, but surprise surprise there's no age verification at all in place. For a brief explanation have a look at the review on the Common Sense Media website HERE.

Internet Matters have produced this great infographic with tips on how to create a good online reputation.

Childnet have produced this simple checklist to help you manage your Online Reputation, show your children and talk to them about it:  

https://www.childnet.com/ufiles/Online-Reputation-Checklist.pdf

You may be aware of recent press and social media coverage about Momo or the Momo Challenge. 

The following article from the BBC News website gives a good overview of this issue and makes the following key points, based on police advice:

Parents should:

• Ensure they know what their children can access online
• Ensure children understand the importance of not giving personal information to anyone they do not know
• Tell their children no-one has the right to make them do anything they do not want to do
• Use parental controls to keep children safe

The challenge is essentially a hoax as ‘Momo’ is clearly not a ‘real’ character and there is no evidence that anyone purporting to be ‘Momo’ can hack people’s devices of force their image to appear on anyone’s phone. 

The main lesson to remember is that is vital that parents have regular conversations with their children about their online activities and create an environment where their child is able to share any concerns they have about things they have seen online that has caused them upset.

Please also read this summary notice of useful information.

As we know, Christmas is not always a happy time for children and young people for many different reasons. We have highlighted some key issues below with links to further information and resources that you may find useful. 

Who to talk to if you are worried about the safety of a child

Childline 0800 1111 

Advice for parents regarding Online Safety 

NSPCC and O2 Partnership   

Children affected by loss and bereavement

Children may be facing Christmas after experiencing the loss of a loved one, this can stir up strong and difficult feelings. Yet sharing and talking about emotions are important for children. It could be through photos, games, memory boxes or stories. Child bereavement UK have developed some resources to help children explore and talk about their emotions. You can also visit the NHS website for a list of useful contacts

Children and young people who have a family member in prison

We know that children who have a parent or family member in prison may find it difficult to talk about it and worry about what others will think. The National Information Centre on Children of Offenders (NICCO) provides a service for all professionals who come into contact with the children and families of offenders. If you are working with a child or young person who has a family member in prison there are some really useful resources on their website so it’s well worth a look!

Domestic abuse

 

New UN data reports an average of 137 women across the world are killed by a partner or family member every day. In the UK, domestic abuse is a factor in half of serious case reviews and 1 in 5 children have witnessed it. The impact of repeated exposure to domestic abuse has been likened to the trauma and distress experienced by children living in war zones and often presents. Whilst we often see behaviour changing due to the excitement of Christmas, for some children it may be caused by the anxiety of the Christmas break. Money tensions, unrealistic expectations and excessive alcohol consumption make the festive holidays a peak period for domestic abuse. For further information and support you can visit  NHS website , Disrespect Nobody Campaign , Childline and Innerworld

 

Mental Health

For many, the holiday season can be a time of loneliness or anxiety. Young minds have released some tips for children who may find the holidays difficult. For urgent concerns about a child’s mental health and wellbeing, parents should speak to their GP or call the Young Minds parents helpline on 0808 802 5544 for advice. Further information and support can also be found at Action for Children and Young Minds have produced blogs for young people and parents of children who find Christmas difficult.

As the nights become darker, it is important that everyone takes the time to remind themselves of road safety. 

The following links give useful advice and guidance about how we can all keep ourselves safer on the roads in the winter months.

https://www.think.gov.uk/
http://www.roadsafetyweek.org.uk/
http://www.brake.org.uk/info-and-resources/resources/guide-to-teaching-road-safety
https://thebobbycollerantrust.org.uk/

As Christmas approaches and many young people will be receiving new electronic devices such as smart phones, it is a good time for parents and carers to be aware of some of the popular Apps used by young people - and the possible risks associated with them.

One of these is Kik Messenger; a free messaging app aimed at users aged thirteen and over. Used by more than 300 million people worldwide, Kik lets users exchange messages, photos, videos, GIFs and web pages with friends, family, chatbots and even strangers.

Unlike WhatsApp, Kik doesn’t require a user to sign up with a phone number. Instead, friends can be added via their username, making it easier for users to receive unwanted contact from strangers. Police in the UK issued a safety warning earlier in the year, claiming that Kik has featured in ‘more than 1,100 child sexual abuse cases in the last five years’ and that ‘children are at risk’ on the app. (BBC News Story).

Click this link to access a free safety guide for parents.

As Christmas approaches , many young people will be hoping to receive the latest smartphones or other portable devices that allow internet access.

Whilst these technologies brink lots of exciting opportunities, it is important that children and parents are aware of some of the risks  that exist in the online world - and are aware of how best top stay safe.

Click on the document links below to find out more information about some popular apps and to download the National Online Safety tips to help keep children safe.

Guide to YouTube

Guide to Fortnite

Guide to WhatsApp

Samaritans have launched a new campaign and video called 'Small talk saves lives'. The campaign has been produced in partnership with Network Rail, British Transport Police and the wider rail industry. Samaritans says, 'if you see someone you think might need help, trust your instincts and start a conversation. You could help save a life'.

British Transport Police data shows that in 2016/17, there were 6 potentially life-saving interventions made for every suicide/suspected suicide on the railway. Engaging someone in such circumstances might be all it takes to interrupt someone's suicidal thoughts and start them on a journey to recovery.

Upset or distressed people can be found in many different places, not only by the railway, and the same strategy might be important. There is no evidence that intervening when someone is at risk will make the situation worse. And there’s no perfect way to make an intervention, we just have to do our best. 

If it’s not safe to make an approach or you don’t feel comfortable then speak to a passer-by, call 999. You could help save a life.

For further information and to watch the video, go to: https://www.samaritans.org/media-centre/our-campaigns/small-talk-saves-lives

If you are a young person experiencing a mental health crisis, you can text the YoungMinds Crisis Messenger for free, 24/7 support. 

The YoungMinds crisis messenger service provides free, 24/7 crisis support across the UK. If you are experiencing a mental health crisis and need support, you can text YM to 85258.

The service aims to connect every texter to a trained volunteer in less than 5 minutes to provide support in a crisis. They will listen to you and help you think through how you’re feeling, and will aim to help you take the next steps towards feeling better.

Texts are free from EE, O2, Vodafone, 3, Virgin Mobile, BT Mobile, GiffGaff, Tesco Mobile and Telecom Plus.

This service is powered by Crisis Text Line, a trusted partner of YoungMinds.

You can find out more information about the service here.

Although we are all enjoying the current warm weather, please be mindful of some of the dangers that can present themselves in such conditions.

The following links give reminders regarding water safety:

https://www.unitedutilities.com/help-and-support/about-us/recreation-sites/reservoir-safety/

And also sun safety:

Sun Safety
http://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/articles/YDD2fTqHVfWJbV5qkHPL7D/sun-safety

Tips for Staying Safe in the Sun (CBeebies)
https://www.bbc.co.uk/cbeebies/watch/sun-safety-for-kids

Sun safety in schools (Skcin)
http://www.skcin.org/sunSafetyAndPrevention/sunSafetyInSchools.htm

The Safeguarding Team at St Julie’s recently received information from a Coroner who is conducting an Inquest into the death by suicide of a 15 year old boy in the Bury area, earlier this year.

Evidence obtained by the Coroner suggests he had used an online game called DOKI DOKI, which is known to NSPCC online safety officers.

The police investigation into the death uncovered the following information. Whilst we do not necessarily advise that you share this with you child, it is important that you remain vigilant in monitoring all of your child’s online activity across any devices to which they have access.

 “ Doki Doki, also known as Doki Doki Literature Club, was developed in 2017. It does warn it is not suitable for children, however the graphics etc are clearly aimed at young people.  It was launched in August 2017.  It was downloaded over 2 million times in the first 4 months.

In essence the story plot seems to be that a male character joins a literature club and interacts with female members. There are alternative endings depending on choices made during the course of the game.  The story plot uncovers suicidal thoughts the members have.  The multiple outcomes follow things such as mental health issues (voices in their head), self-harming, suicide and violent scenes such as one of the player’s neck snapping.  All of this then links the reader back to an outcome whereby you are made to think the game has taken control of your computer and you have to continue playing. 

Some outcomes lead you to consider what you could have done to prevent one of the characters deaths.  One even shows you messages from the players who have passed away saying “now you can all be happy I am gone”.  This is a psychological horror game with suicide as a main feature

This game is free of charge but an upgraded version can be purchased for £10 to unlock extra content.

NSPCC have reviewed information from their Childline Counsellor Facts notes since April 2017.  Two counselling sessions had made notes with regards to Doki Doki – these were in November 2017 and January 2018.  One talked about a friend playing the game.  It was noted the game can trigger emotional responses. The other session noted the young person had been playing it and their favourite character had committed suicide – the young person was thinking about ending their life the same way.”

Teenage years can be a testing and challenging time, both for young people and for their parents/carers. Research by the Anna Freud National centre for Children and Families highlights the importance of good communication in helping to provide a safe and positive environment for young people. Download this document for more tips and guidance on how to strengthen your connection with your children. 

Have you finished your Christmas shopping yet? Planning to spend a couple of hours in a Christmas Market or even on Amazon? This Christmas there will be more tech toys than ever before, and many of them will use bluetooth or wifi to link to apps and the wider internet. Some of these toys will have cameras and microphones recording the environment and the child's play. The Information Commissioner recently published an article looking at the risks of using smart toys that is well worth reading.

Which? Magazine have also surveyed many connected toys and found that, without appropriate safety features, they can also pose a big risk to your child’s safety.

The Which video below shows just how easy it is for anyone to take over the voice control of a popular connected toy, and speak directly to children. Which? found that it is easy enough for almost anyone to do, not only skilled hackers.

https://www.which.co.uk/news/2017/11/safety-alert-see-how-easy-it-is-for-almost-anyone-to-hack-your-childs-connected-toys/

#DITTO is a free online safety magazine from esafety adviser, Alan Mackenzie, aimed at schools, organisations and parents. The content looks at risks, issues, advice and guidance related to keeping children safe online, with a view to enjoying and learning about technology. 

You can find the latest edition of #DITTO here: http://www.esafety-adviser.com/latest-newsletter

 Snapchat introduced a new feature - the 'Snap Map' This location based map allows users to see where in the country their Snapchat contacts are, as well as seeing location based photos and videos. The Snap Map shows a user's Bitmoji, their cartoon avatar within Snapchat, pinpointed on a world map. Users can then zoom into the map to see the exact location of their friends.

How to access Snap Maps

To access the Snap Map in the latest update of the Snapchat app, users need to go to their camera screen within Snapchat and zoom out using two fingers. This will then launch the Snap Maps screen and will allow a user to see their friend's locations.

Choose who can see your location

 It is important to be careful about whom you share your location with, as it can allow people to build up a picture of where you live, go to school and spend your time. Given how specific this new feature is on Snapchat - giving your location to a precise pinpoint on a map - we would encourage users not to share their location, especially with people they do not know in person. There are three settings for sharing your location on the map, these are; Ghost Mode, My Friends, and Select Friends. But what do these settings mean?

Ghost Mode

Ghost Mode means that you are the only person who can see your location on the map. Within Ghost Mode you can still see the locations of your friends but they will be unable to see you. This setting will ensure that you have complete control over who knows your location.

My Friends

 My Friends means that all your contacts on Snapchat can see your location. If turning on this setting then it would be important for users to review their Snapchat contacts and make sure that they never add someone they do not know in person onto Snapchat.

Select Friends

This setting allows users to look through their friend list and then decide which of their friends they want to be able to view their location. This setting gives users the opportunity to control who can view their location.

 Changing settings

When first opening the Snap Map, users get to make a decision of who they want to be able to view their location. Once these settings are in place they can always be changed in Snapchat’s settings. This can be done in the following way: In the Snapchat settings In the Snapchat screen click on the Settings (cog) icon > click on 'see my location' > choose the setting which suits you on the Snap Map.

Top Tips

Sharing your location can be a risky thing to do. Our tips for location sharing are:

 · Only share your location with people you know in person. Never share your location with strangers.

• Do not add contacts to Snapchat if you do not know them in person.
• Regularly review your settings and take an active decision about whether you want people to know your location. Remember you can switch this off at any time. Think about where you're sharing your location. Location services such as Snap Maps can lead people to your house. Think about what times you're on the app and whether these are locations you want to share - if not, then turn this off within your settings.

 

 

Snapchat – new feature – “Snap Maps”

Last week, Snapchat introduced a new feature call Snap Maps. This location-based map allows users to see where in the country their Snapchat contacts are, as well as seeing location-based photos and videos. 

The Snap Map shows a user’s Bitmoji, their cartoon avatar within Snapchat, pinpointed on a world map. Users can then zoom into the map to see the exact location of their friends.

Sharing location can be a risky thing to do, so please remind you daughter to -

• Only share their location with people they know in person. Never share their location with strangers.
• Never add contacts to Snapchat if they don’t know them in person – this applies to ALL social media apps

As the contract holder, parents should also regularly review their daughter's settings (again, this applies to all social media apps) and take an active decision about whether you want people to know their location. Remember you can switch this off at any time. Think about where your daughter is sharing their location. Location services such as Snap Maps can lead people to your house. 

Think about what times they are using the app and whether these are locations you want to them share – if not, then turn this off within your settings.

https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2017/jun/23/snapchat-maps-privacy-safety-concerns

Further reading: Introducing SnapMaps (ChildNet)

We advise parents to visit this resource on the thinkuknow website which will help you to familiarise yourself with some of the Apps most commonly used by young people, including Snapchat and Instragram. The guide will tell you how the apps work, the service they are intended to provide and some of the risks that can be involved with their use.

We'd ask that parents/carers review children and young people's access to on-line streaming sites including Netfix and other websites. It has come to our attention that some children may be accessing age inappropriate materials. For example, Netfix currently offers a series exploring teenage suicide which is rated 18 and should only be watched by adults. Watching this may well impact on a young person's well-being especially if they are already low of mood.

We'd ask that parents take appropriate steps to safeguard their children so they are only accessing age appropriate materials. As always, parents should seek advice from their G.P. and school if they are concerned about their child's emotional well-being and mental health.

Useful links for families:

https://www.minded.org.uk

www.psych.ox.ac.uk/news/new-guide-for-parents-who-are-coping-with-their-child2019s-self-harm-2018you-are-not-alone2019/coping-with-self-harm-guide.pdf

The latest safeguarding update from School Improvement Liverpool is available for viewing here.

The growing phenomenon of young people sharing inappropriate pictures of themselves online has become a real issue, with recent reports suggesting that children as young as 7 have been involved.
 
The NSPCC has produced a guide to help parents talk with their children about the dangers and legalities surrounding this, to help empower them to say “no” to requests. Access to this guide can be found here: NSPCC GUIDE , along with guidance on a range of other issues relating to online safety. 

We advise all Parent-Carers to familiarise themselves with this guidance and we'd welcome any feedback you have - just email us in school using the reception@st-julies.org.uk email address, putting 'Online Safety Feedback' as the subject of your message! 

Safer Internet Day 2017 is nearly upon us. This is taking place on Tuesday 7^th February 2017 – with the theme, 'Be the change: Unite for a better internet' 

More details can be found here - http://www.saferinternet.org.uk/safer-internet-day/2017

The files below give information for parents and carers in how best to support their children in ensuring that their online presence and experience is safe and positive! 

Safer Internet Day Presentation

Safer Internet Day Factsheet

Safer Internet Day Conversation Starters

Well worth a read is this short report (24 pages), published 05/01/17, by the Children’s Commissioner for England. The report talks about giving children and young adults resilience, information and power to assist them in opening up the internet as a place where they can be citizens not just users, creative but not addicted and open, yet not vulnerable, to having their personal information captured and monetised by companies.

Facebook have recently launched a Parents Portal which you may wish to access - https://www.facebook.com/safety/parents

The portal is designed to help parents make the most out of their Facebook account, whilst also giving tips and information on how to keep themselves and their children safe online.

PSHE Day – Advent Term

All Year Groups received a variety of ‘safe messages’ on our first PSHE Day of the year, with Years 7-10 attending a powerful drama piece – written and produced by our own Performing Arts Department – that highlighted the issue of domestic violence.  The common theme across Years 7 – 11 was self-esteem and the following information gives a quick taste of some of the activities.

Year 7

Pupils were guided as to where they could go if they or another pupil ever needed to disclose a problem or was in need of help. The importance of real friendships and being there for each other were also outlined. The lessons delivered by teachers stressed the importance of the girls realising how social media can present images that do not represent real life. It was demonstrated that imperfections are OK and perfectly normal. The girls embraced their strengths and their weaknesses during the lessons and hopefully built a stronger relationship with their tutors.

Year 8

Year 8 competed self-esteem profiles to find out what their own self-image was like and how confident they were about themselves, as well as taking part in team building activities focusing on overcoming problems by working with others for support. They also took part in some meditation which highlighted the importance of having time to reflect on yourself and your own self-worth. They also looked at airbrushing and false self-images in adverts and in the media which can have a negative impact on what young people aspire to look like.

Year 9

Year 9 addressed the issue of self-esteem through a focus on using positivity and looking at each other’s talents. They gained a greater awareness of how having low self-esteem can affect the safety of a pupil as it can lead to mental health concerns, such as self-harm.

Year 11

The aim of the day was to give the pupils confidence in many aspects of their lives and equip them will all the information required to make their own informed decisions.

The year group had a variety of activities to participate in during the day.  The girls had a make-up demonstration, showing them how to achieve a natural look and this was followed up with a session on why girls wear make-up and the issues that may go on behind it. They also enjoyed a lesson in self-defence, giving them techniques for looking after themselves.  Important issues of drugs were addressed to provide all the information on emerging substances that may be accessible by young people of this age.  The final theme looked at by the year 11 group was sexual consent and empowering the girls to make their own decisions. 

Year 12 and 13

KS5 students participated in a half day 'BiteSize' Brook event, which enabled both information and active participation activities. Students worked in teams of 10-12 and rotated around a number of themed learning zones. The focus was very much on delivering accurate information whilst expanding knowledge around the key themes such as: sex and the law, contraception, Sexually Transmitted Infections (STIs), condom use, sexuality, gender and body image. Brook's educators guided pupils through each of the interactive learning zones which had been designed to provoke discussion and debate on issues young people face every day. Feedback from Brook and the students was very positive.

ooVoo

Please be aware of issues that have come to light both locally and nationally regarding a video chat App called ‘ooVoo’. This programme can be downloaded to electronic devices such as mobile phones ,laptops, iPads or PCs and allows users to make free video calls, search for other users and send ‘invites’ to become ‘friends’. The terms and conditions for oVoo state that users must be at least 13 years old.

There have been some recent cases in which adult males have allegedly set up false profiles, usually passing themselves off as teenage girls, and have then made contact with young females who have this app installed on their phones. There is some evidence that the profile pictures for these fake accounts are actually pictures of the girls then being targeted or of their friends – taken from things such as Facebook, Twitter and Instagram accounts - as this immediately grabs their attention.

Once contact has been made, the people behind the fake accounts have then sent sexually explicit videos of themselves and tried to encourage the person they have contacted to do likewise. Merseyside Police are currently investigating a number of cases but in the meantime we would advise you to discuss this issue with your daughter. ooVoo have been reported as co-operating with law enforcement requests to trace users and ban usernames. Users can set security controls to prevent uninvited contact and report other users through the ‘Support’ section of the App.

Use the following link to control security settings:

http://support.oovoo.com/link/portal/3908/4244/ArticleFolder/169/Privacy-Security

 Reporting users to ooVoo can be done via this link:

http://support.oovoo.com/ics/support/ticketnewwizard.asp?style=classic

From smartphones to satnavs, our lives are full of screens. We wake up to them, we come home to them, and we carry them around in our pockets all day. Click the link below for suggestions on how to start and stick to a ‘digital detox’.

http://www.independent.ie/business/technology/9-ways-to-start-and-stick-to-a-digital-detox-34766926.html

Research that can be viewed on link below has found that children as young as 11 post an average of 26 times a day, attract 100 followers to every one of their profiles – yet six out of ten of them are not real friends. Interestingly the survey states that Liverpudlian parents are the most protective parents – 72% have access to all or some of their children’s social media accounts.

http://www.internetmatters.org/hub/guidance/infographic-revealing-kids-use-of-social-mediasurvey-stats/

The LSCB has a Missing from Home Strategy and the partners of Liverpool Safeguarding Children Board (LSCB) have adopted the definition of missing and absent as determined by ACPO below:      

http://liverpoolscb.proceduresonline.com/chapters/pr_miss_child.html

Missing - “Anyone whose whereabouts cannot be established and where the circumstances are out of character or the context suggests the person may be subject of crime or at risk of harm to themselves or another.”

Absent – “A person not at a place where they are expected or required to be.”

The `absent’ category should comprise cases in which people are not presently where they are supposed to be and there is no apparent risk

Police classification of a child as missing or absent will be based on an on-going risk assessment. All children under 13 years of age will automatically be classed as missing. 

Management of missing and absent children in Liverpool:

The LSCB CSE sub group chaired by the Director of Children’s Services has strategic oversight of  the partnership response to missing and absent children.  A missing operational group is held on a monthly basis to review high risk missing children:

-       All missing young people age 13 and under

-       High risk missing cases as categorised by the police at the time of the episode

-       Repeat missing cases – those who have been missing or absent more than once the previous month

-       Children who have been missing for 4 weeks or longer

-       LAC from other Local Authorities placed in Liverpool

-       Liverpool LAC placed out of area

A Merseyside CSE problem profile was undertaken by Merseyside Police in October 2015. The data for Liverpool showed:

 

• The age range of children and young people at risk of CSE is 12 to 17 years of age with 14 to 16 being the most prominent ages.
• Intelligence linked teenage females to older males who are involved in acquisitive crime
• There is a link between being repeatedly missing and risk of CSE
• There is little intelligence of CSE occurring on a regular basis within gangs.
• Intelligence highlights sexual activity within groups of young people some of which is of an exploitative nature.
• There is no evidence of any pattern in terms of the ethnicity of either perpetrators or victims.

 

Strategic and Operational Response

There is a Strategic Multi Agency Pan Merseyside CSE group attended by the Director of Children’s Services which has been established to ensure a consistent approach to CSE across Merseyside. The office of the Police and Crime Commissioner is represented at these meetings.

The Director of Children’s Services chairs the Liverpool Safeguarding Childrens Board CSE sub group which is attended by the strategic leads from the partnership. This group provides the leadership in Liverpool and monitors progress against the Liverpool CSE action plan. Our Headteacher, Mr Alderman, represents the Liverpool Association of Secondary Headteachers on this sub-group.

Missing And Child Sexual Exploitation (MACSE) meetings, chaired by a senior police officer, are held monthly to co-ordinate the partnership support and agree risk management plans for young people who are at risk of CSE.  Between April 2015 and March 2016, 347 children and young people were referred to the MACSE of these 260 were female and 87 were male with the most prominent age being 14 and 15 years.

Actions delivered

A specific CSE post was established in September 2013 to co-ordinate the approach to CSE across the LSCB partnership and a gap in support was identified for those young people who did not reach the threshold for Childrens Social Care intervention and who were not subject to statutory Youth Justice interventions. As a result the Protect team was established within Targeted Services for Young People, this team takes referrals via the MACSE of young people who are not subject to any other form of statutory intervention. A CSE social worker post has been established and is the Single Point of Contact  (SPOC) for CSE for Children’s Services. 

A training and communications plan is in place delivering,

• Awareness raising and training for professionals
• Awareness raising and training for children and young people through schools
• Information leaflets for parents and carers ( embed leaflet here )
• Information and awareness training with local businesses , travel and leisure services and taxi drivers
• A website has been developed www.listentomystory.com
• A twitter feed to reach young people , parents and carers @liverpoolscb
• Liverpool are signatories to the European Council One in Five pact.

The CSE co-ordinator attend the PCCs youth participation group to seek the views of young people on the services available the area. 

How St Julie’s has responded:

We have taken part in CSE day (18^th March) for the last 2 years, focusing on awareness raising and preventative education to equip children and young people with the skills they need to make safe and healthy choices and to avoid situations which put them at risk of child sexual exploitation. This has involved publicising the ‘Listen to my Story’ website for students, parents and carers.

St Julie’s Students in Years 9 – 12 have seen the ‘Chelsea’s Choice’ drama production and we have been involved in piloting resources produced by the Ariel Trust

Further information is available at the twitter feed @liverpoolscb

We have been part of the pilot scheme for the Ariel Trust project.  This is a CSE based project which seeks to educate young people on how to spot the signs of being groomed and how to respond to them.  It is there to keep pupils safe.  We have completed the first module through our PSHE programme and this has been delivered to all year groups in Lower and Middle school.

You can see the work we have been doing at cse.arieltrust.com